"The course of energy metabolism in the brain in conditions of circadian rhythm disorders"

Author: Aleksandre Tsiklauri
Co-authors: Nana Koshoridze, Giorgi burjanadze
Keywords: Circadian Rhythm, Stress, Energy Metabolism, Creatine Kinase, Krebs Cycle, Akt, m-ToR
Annotation:

Long-term circadian rhythm disturbances can have lethal consequences in both animal and human organisms, manifesting themselves in altered complex molecular mechanisms in various organs of the body, including neural tissue. Studies have shown that disruption of the long, 30-day circadian rhythm leads to metabolic changes in the hippocampal cells of the brain of experimental animals, manifested by a decrease in the activity of enzymes involved in energy processes. Creatine kinase is known to play an important role in nerve tissue energy. Its activation significantly changes the level of intracellular ATP and thus ensures the stabilization of energy processes. The data show that mitochondrial enzymes, succinate dehydrogenase, α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase, and aconitase activity are observed in hippocampal cells compared to the control group under conditions of prolonged 30-day circadian rhythm disturbances in laboratory rats. Different results were obtained in the case of enzymes involved in the glycolysis process. Two enzymes of this process, aldolase and hexokinase, were studied. The data obtained showed the opposite effect, namely aldolase activity increases under conditions of prolonged circadian rhythm disturbance. Similar data were obtained in the case of hexokinase. Hexokinase activity has been shown to increase similarly to aldolase. Decreased expression of hippocampal plasma membrane PI3K p110α and PI3K p85 subunits was observed in rat hippocampal cells under conditions of circadian rhythm disturbance. Quantitative changes in another component of this signal pathway, namely mTOR and its phosphorylated form, were studied in a subsequent experiment. It has been observed that the number of mTORs observed as a result of circadian rhythm disturbances with respect to similar changes is observed in the case of phosphorylated mTORs as well, while the activity of AKT decreases.

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