Biophysical studies of macromolecules (DNA)

In order to study the study molecules, macromolecules are placed in an electric field in special polymer gels (Pag and agarose), which cause these molecules to move in different directions or at different speeds, depending on their size and charge. The ratio of charge and mass of all DNA molecules is not the same, so the DNA fragments are separated from each other in gel electrophoresis. With this method, we can determine how many DNA fragments are in the sample and what their dimensions are compared to each other. This approach is also used in criminology to identify the culprit and to identify a dactyloscopic (paternity) test.