Principles of action of ultrasonography and its application in medicine

Author: Ketevan Chikovani
Keywords: ultrasound, ultrasonography, doppler ultrasonography, impedance
Annotation:

Ultrasonography, or simply ultrasound examination, is a type of non-invasive examination that provides a visual image of the human or animal body through the ultrasound waves. Depending on the energy of the sound wave, it can be used both for diagnosis and treatment. The changes caused by high-energy ultrasound exposure in biological objects will depend on the frequency of the ultrasound wave, its intensity and exposure time. The use of ultrasounds is extensive in the field of medicine. It should be noted that despite the positive effects, ultrasound could have negative effects when it enters the living body. Ultrasound reflection coefficient and acoustic impedance are important physical quantities and exponents, which are crucial for medical examinations and diagnostics. Electrostriction and magnetostriction methods of receiving ultrasounds are presented in the paper.The paper also shows what features should the ultrasound carry so that its penetration into the body is maximal.

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